Perform one-way ANOVA: compute SSB, SSW, F statistic and p-value for group means comparison.
One-way ANOVA tests whether the means of multiple groups differ significantly. It partitions total variance into between-group (SSB) and within-group (SSW) components and computes an F ratio. A small p-value suggests at least one group mean differs.
F Statistic
F = MSB / MSW = (SSB/dfB) / (SSW/dfW)
It tells you that at least one group mean differs from the others, but not which specific groups differ. Post-hoc tests (e.g., Tukey HSD) are needed for pairwise comparisons.
Independence of observations, normality within groups, and approximately equal variances (homoscedasticity).