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Parallel-plate capacitance is permittivity times area divided by separation: C = e0 x er x A / d. Capacitance rises with plate area and dielectric constant and falls with spacing, but reducing spacing also raises field strength, which is what sets the voltage rating.
Parallel plate capacitance
C = e0 x er x A / d, e0 = 8.854e-12 F/m
Electrical results are planning estimates only. Verify against the applicable wiring rules (IEC 60364, BS 7671, NEC or local code) and have all installation work designed and checked by a qualified electrician.
Because C is inversely proportional to separation. Micron-thick dielectrics give large capacitance in small volume, limited only by dielectric strength.
The field strength V/d must stay well below the dielectric breakdown strength, typically with a safety factor of two or more.