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The chain rule differentiates a composition by multiplying the outer derivative, evaluated at the inner function, by the inner derivative: d/dx f(u(x)) = f'(u)·u'(x).
Chain rule
d/dx f(u(x)) = f'(u(x)) · u'(x)
u = 3, u' = 6, so the derivative is 6·cos 3 ≈ −5.9399666.
Apply the rule repeatedly: the derivatives of all the layers multiply together.