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The four DORA metrics split into throughput — deployment frequency and lead time — and stability — change failure rate and time to restore. The research finding that matters is that these do not trade off: elite performers score well on all four, because small frequent changes are both faster to ship and easier to diagnose when they fail.
DORA banding
each metric scored 1-4 against elite/high/medium/low thresholds; overall = mean of the four; elite is on-demand deploys, under a day lead time, under 5% failure, under one hour restore
That is the consistent finding across years of the DORA research. Large batched releases are riskier, so shipping less often does not buy stability.
The weakest, and usually deployment frequency, because raising it forces smaller batches which improves the other three as a side effect.