Convert mass to energy using Einstein’s mass-energy relation.
Because c² is roughly 9 × 10¹⁶, converting even a gram of mass releases about 90 terajoules — comparable to 21 kilotons of TNT. Only a small fraction of mass is actually convertible in practical reactions. Chemical reactions convert about a billionth of the mass involved, while nuclear fission converts about a thousandth, which is the entire difference in energy density.
Mass Energy Equivalence
E = m c²
E = m c² Because c² is roughly 9 × 10¹⁶, converting even a gram of mass releases about 90 terajoules — comparable to 21 kilotons of TNT. Only a small fraction of mass is actually convertible in practical reactions.
Chemical reactions convert about a billionth of the mass involved, while nuclear fission converts about a thousandth, which is the entire difference in energy density.
This calculator takes 1 input: Mass. The pre-filled defaults are a realistic starting point — replace them with figures from your own environment for a result you can act on.