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Estate administration follows an order: debts, funeral and administration expenses first, then specific legacies and bequests, and only what remains — the residue — passes to the residuary beneficiaries. If the residue is exhausted, legacies abate proportionately.
Net estate
Net estate = Gross estate - Debts, funeral and administration expenses
Residue
Residue = Net estate - Specific bequests
Per beneficiary
Share = Residue / Number of residuary beneficiaries
Indicative estimate only. Fees, entitlements, limits and formulas vary by jurisdiction, statute, policy wording and the facts of the case. This is not legal, tax, insurance or financial advice — confirm with a qualified professional or the relevant authority.
Legacies abate — they are reduced proportionately — and residuary beneficiaries receive nothing. Specific gifts of identified property rank ahead of general pecuniary legacies.
Usually yes, from the residue unless the will directs otherwise, which can materially change who bears the tax.