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LTE divides bandwidth into 180 kHz resource blocks, each carrying 12 subcarriers over 14 OFDM symbols per millisecond. Multiplying by bits per symbol, MIMO layers and a coding and overhead factor gives per-carrier throughput, and carrier aggregation multiplies that — which is how LTE-Advanced reaches gigabit-class peak rates with 20 MHz carriers.
LTE throughput
resource blocks = bandwidth / 0.18 MHz; RE/s = RB x 12 x 14 x 1000; throughput = RE/s x bits per symbol x layers x 0.75 x carriers
Twelve subcarriers of 15 kHz each. It is the fundamental scheduling unit in LTE, allocated per millisecond subframe.
Close to it when both carriers have good signal quality and the network schedules them together, but coverage of the higher band often limits the benefit.