Work out per capita water supply instantly with clear inputs, formula shown and shareable results.
Per capita supply is volume supplied into the distribution system divided by population. Billed per capita consumption is always lower, and the gap is non-revenue water. Reporting both prevents the common error of interpreting high supply per capita as high consumption when it is actually high leakage.
Per capita supply
Litres per person per day = supplied volume (m3) x 1000 / population
Non-revenue water
NRW % = (supplied - billed) x 100 / supplied
The World Health Organization considers 50-100 litres per person per day sufficient for most health and hygiene needs, with 20 litres the absolute minimum. Urban design standards are typically higher.
No. It also includes unbilled authorised consumption such as firefighting, and apparent losses from meter under-registration and unauthorised connections. Real losses are only one component.