Water Demand For Township Calculator

Work out water demand for township instantly with clear inputs, formula shown and shareable results.

About Water Demand For Township Calculator

Township water demand starts from litres per capita per day, typically 135 for a piped supply with sewerage, then adds non domestic demand for institutions, commerce and firefighting, and finally an allowance for unaccounted for water. Distribution mains are sized on the peak hour flow, usually 2.25 to 2.5 times the average.

Formulas

Total demand

MLD = population x lpcd / 10^6 x (1 + non domestic) x (1 + losses)

Peak flow

Peak hour flow = average x peak factor, typically 2.5

Worked example

With the default values below, Water Demand For Township Calculator returns Total water demand of 9.315. Change any input above and every figure here is recalculated in your browser.

Inputs used

Design populationminimum 1: 50,000
Domestic demand per capita per dayminimum 10 L: 135 L
Non domestic demandaccepts 0–100 %: 20 %
Unaccounted for wateraccepts 0–50 %: 15 %

Results

Total water demand: 9.315 MLD
Domestic demand: 6.750 MLD
Losses allowance: 1.215 MLD
Peak hour flow at a factor of 2.5: 23.287 MLD

Step by step

1Values used
2Total demand
3Peak flow
4Total water demand= 9.315 MLD
5Domestic demand= 6.750 MLD
6Losses allowance= 1.215 MLD
7Peak hour flow at a factor of 2.5= 23.287 MLD

Assumptions and limits

The result is derived only from the 4 inputs listed above. Anything not among them is not part of the calculation.
In particular, this calculator does not take inflation, tax, fees or charges or compounding frequency into account.
Figures are rounded for display to 3 decimal places, so totals built from several rounded parts can differ slightly from the unrounded arithmetic.
Preliminary estimate only. Water supply design must follow the applicable manual on water supply and treatment and a proper demand assessment.

How these calculators are built and tested is described on the Methodology page. If a figure looks wrong, please report it.

Preliminary estimate only. Water supply design must follow the applicable manual on water supply and treatment and a proper demand assessment.

Frequently Asked Questions

How is the Water Demand For Township figure worked out?

MLD = population x lpcd / 10^6 x (1 + non domestic) x (1 + losses). Township water demand starts from litres per capita per day, typically 135 for a piped supply with sewerage, then adds non domestic demand for institutions, commerce and firefighting, and finally an allowance for unaccounted for water.

Why allow fifteen percent for losses?

Because no network is watertight and no metering is complete. Well run utilities achieve ten to fifteen percent; many exceed thirty, and design must reflect the achievable figure rather than the aspiration.

What values do I need to enter?

This calculator takes 4 inputs: Design population, Domestic demand per capita per day, Non domestic demand, Unaccounted for water. The pre-filled defaults are a realistic worked example — replace them with your own site or project figures.