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Series Battery Voltage Calculator

Work out series battery voltage instantly with clear inputs, formula shown and shareable results.

About Series Battery Voltage Calculator

Cells in series add their voltages while capacity in amp-hours stays that of a single cell. Energy is the product, so a 13S pack of 5 Ah cells at 3.7 V nominal stores 240 Wh at 48.1 V. The charge voltage limit is what the BMS actually enforces.

Formula

Series pack

Vpack = cells x Vcell; Ah unchanged; Wh = Vpack x Ah

Worked example

With the default values below, Series Battery Voltage Calculator returns Nominal pack voltage of 48.10. Change any input above and every figure here is recalculated in your browser.

Inputs used

Cells in series
13 cells
Nominal cell voltage
3.7 V
Cell capacity
5 Ah
Maximum charge voltage per cell
4.2 V

Results

Nominal pack voltage
48.10 V
Full charge voltage
54.60 V
Pack energy
240.50 Wh
Pack capacity
5.00 Ah

Step by step

  1. 1Values used
  2. 2Series pack
  3. 3Nominal pack voltage= 48.10 V
  4. 4Full charge voltage= 54.60 V
  5. 5Pack energy= 240.50 Wh
  6. 6Pack capacity= 5.00 Ah

Assumptions and limits

  • The result is derived only from the 4 inputs listed above. Anything not among them is not part of the calculation.
  • In particular, this calculator does not take inflation, tax or compounding frequency into account.
  • Figures are rounded for display to 2 decimal places, so totals built from several rounded parts can differ slightly from the unrounded arithmetic.
  • Electrical results are planning estimates only. Verify against the applicable wiring rules (IEC 60364, BS 7671, NEC or local code) and have all installation work designed and checked by a qualified electrician.

How these calculators are built and tested is described on the Methodology page. If a figure looks wrong, please report it.

Electrical results are planning estimates only. Verify against the applicable wiring rules (IEC 60364, BS 7671, NEC or local code) and have all installation work designed and checked by a qualified electrician.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why does capacity not add in series?

The same current passes through every cell, so the pack runs out when the first cell does. Only voltage accumulates.

Why is cell balancing needed?

Small capacity differences mean cells diverge over cycles. Without balancing the weakest cell hits its limit first and caps the whole pack.

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