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Emulsifier is normally dosed on the oil phase rather than the total batch, because its job is to cover the interfacial area created when that oil is dispersed. Typical doses are 1-3% on oil for food emulsions and up to 5% for fine emulsions with very small droplets and large interfacial area.
Emulsifier dose
Oil mass = batch x oil phase %; emulsifier = oil mass x dose on oil %
Interfacial area scales with the oil volume and the inverse of droplet size. Dosing on the total batch means changing the oil content silently changes the coverage.
Target droplet size, oil type, emulsifier efficiency and the required stability period. Smaller droplets need proportionally more emulsifier because interfacial area rises as diameter falls.